Dynamics Study of the OH + O3 Atmospheric Reaction with Both Reactants Vibrationally Excited

The dynamics of the title five-atom atmospheric reaction is studied by the quasiclassical trajectory method for vibrational states of OH over the range 2 ≤ v ≤ 9 and initial vibrational energies of O3 between 9 and 21 kcal mol-1 using a previously reported double many-body expansion potential energy surface for HO4(2A). The results show that the reaction is controlled by both capture- and barrier-type mechanisms, with the rate constants depending strongly on the reactants' internal energy content. Also suggested from the magnitude of the calculated rate coefficients is that the title processes may not be ignorable when studying the stratospheric ozone budget

SST: A Simplified Swin Transformer-based Model for Taxi Destination Prediction based on Existing Trajectory

Accurately predicting the destination of taxi trajectories can have various benefits for intelligent location-based services. One potential method to accomplish this prediction is by converting the taxi trajectory into a two-dimensional grid and using computer vision techniques. While the Swin Transformer is an innovative computer vision architecture with demonstrated success in vision downstream tasks, it is not commonly used to solve real-world trajectory problems. In this paper, we propose a simplified Swin Transformer (SST) structure that does not use the shifted window idea in the traditional Swin Transformer, as trajectory data is consecutive in nature. Our comprehensive experiments, based on real trajectory data, demonstrate that SST can achieve higher accuracy compared to state-of-the-art methods.Comment: Accepted by IEEE ITS

Performance enhancement of permeable asphalt mixtures with recycled aggregate for concrete pavement application

The incorporation of recycled concrete aggregate (RCA) in permeable asphalt mixtures (PAMs) is an efficient method of utilizing construction demolished waste. It not only conforms to the trend of building sponge cities, but also alleviates the problem of overexploitation of natural aggregate resources. As the performance of PAM containing recycled aggregate is not comparable to natural aggregate, modification treatments and the addition of hybrid fibers are adopted as two enhancement methods to improve the performance of PAM with RAC in this study. It is found that replacing natural aggregate with recycled aggregate increases the optimum asphalt content (OAC) but decreases the residual stability. The OAC is increased by 45% when the RCA ratio is 100%, whereas applying silicone resin can give a 16.2% decrease in the OAC. Enhancing RCA with silicone resin can increase the water stability to be comparable with natural aggregate. Moreover, with modification treatment using calcium hydroxide solution, the mechanical strength of PAM is enhanced to even higher than that of natural coarse aggregate mixture alone. Improvements in both mechanical strength and water stability are also achieved by strengthening recycled aggregate with cement slurry, although the performance is less effective than using silicone resin. With the increase in the content of RCA, the permeability coefficients of PAM first decrease and then exhibit an increasing trend. The results indicate that the PAM with RCA and modification treatments can perform satisfactorily as a pavement material in practice. Applying probable modification, PAM incorporating RCA meets the criteria for use in concrete pavement applications

Construction Technology of Precast Pier Foundation Filled with Demolished Concrete Lumps

Applying of demolished concrete lumps (DCLs) in the pier foundation is an effective way to improve the efficiency of construction waste resource utilization. Fifty-two cylindrical specimens with the size of ∅ 250 mm × 500 mm were fabricated by mixing of DCLs with the fresh concrete (FC) and used to investigate the influence of two key factors, the gradation of the DCLs and the height setting of layered “steel mesh,” on the uniaxial compression and flexural strength properties of the compound concrete specimens. Results indicate that the layered “steel mesh” in the specimens can restrain the settlement and segregation of the DCLs and improve the compressive and flexural strength of the specimens significantly. Normally, there are two types of failure damage mode of the test pieces, the failure of the interface between DCLs and the FC and the fracture failure of the DCLs. When the stress level is below 0.5, the test piece is in the elastic stage. Crack development occurs when stress level further increase to 0.7–0.9. The pieces with the layered pouring height of H2 and the DCLs of R3 present the optimum compressive strength and flexural strength and also best construction effect

Fabrication and characterization of iron pnictide wires and bulk materials through the powder-in-tube method

The recent discovery of superconductivity in the iron based superconductors with very high upper critical fields presents a new possibility for practical applications, but fabricating fine-wire is a challenge because of mechanically hard and brittle powders and the toxicity and volatility of arsenic. In this paper, we report the synthesis and the physical characterization of iron pnictide wires and bulks prepared by the powder-in-tube method (PIT). A new class of high-Tc iron pnictide composite wires, such as LaFeAsO1-xFx, SmFeAsO1-xFx and Sr1-xKxFeAs, has been fabricated by the in situ PIT technique using Fe, Ta and Nb tubes. Microscopy and x-ray analysis show that the superconducting core is continuous, and retains phase composition after wire drawing and heat treatment. Furthermore, the wires exhibit a very weak Jc-field dependence behavior even at high temperatures. The upper critical field Hc2(0) value can exceed 100 T, surpassing those of MgB2 and all the low temperature superconductors and indicating a strong potential for applications requiring very high field. These results demonstrate the feasibility of producing superconducting pnictide composite wire. We also applied the one step PIT method to synthesize the iron-based bulks, due to its convenience and safety. In fact, by using this technique, we have successfully discovered superconductivity at 35 K and 15 K in Eu0.7Na0.3Fe2As2 and SmCoFeAsO compounds, respectively. These clearly suggest that the one-step PIT technique is unique and versatile and hence can be tailored easily for other rare earth derivatives of novel iron-based superconductors.Comment: Review for the special issue of Physica C on iron-based pnictide superconductor

Automatic Classical and Quantum Rebound Attacks on AES-like Hashing by Exploiting Related-key Differentials

Collision attacks on AES-like hashing (hash functions constructed by plugging AES-like ciphers or permutations into the famous PGV modes or their variants) can be reduced to the problem of finding a pair of inputs respecting a differential of the underlying AES-like primitive whose input and output differences are the same. The rebound attack due to Mendel et al. is a powerful tool for achieving this goal, whose quantum version was first considered by Hosoyamada and Sasaki at EUROCRYPT 2020. In this work, we automate the process of searching for the configurations of rebound attacks by taking related-key differentials of the underlying block cipher into account with the MILP-based approach. In the quantum setting, our model guide the search towards characteristics that minimize the resources (e.g., QRAM) and complexities of the resulting rebound attacks. We apply our method to Saturnin-hash, SKINNY, and Whirlpool and improved results are obtained

Tiling microarray analysis of rice chromosome 10 to identify the transcriptome and relate its expression to chromosomal architecture

BACKGROUND: Sequencing and annotation of the genome of rice (Oryza sativa) have generated gene models in numbers that top all other fully sequenced species, with many lacking recognizable sequence homology to known genes. Experimental evaluation of these gene models and identification of new models will facilitate rice genome annotation and the application of this knowledge to other more complex cereal genomes. RESULTS: We report here an analysis of the chromosome 10 transcriptome of the two major rice subspecies, japonica and indica, using oligonucleotide tiling microarrays. This analysis detected expression of approximately three-quarters of the gene models without previous experimental evidence in both subspecies. Cloning and sequence analysis of the previously unsupported models suggests that the predicted gene structure of nearly half of those models needs improvement. Coupled with comparative gene model mapping, the tiling microarray analysis identified 549 new models for the japonica chromosome, representing an 18% increase in the annotated protein-coding capacity. Furthermore, an asymmetric distribution of genome elements along the chromosome was found that coincides with the cytological definition of the heterochromatin and euchromatin domains. The heterochromatin domain appears to associate with distinct chromosome level transcriptional activities under normal and stress conditions. CONCLUSION: These results demonstrated the utility of genome tiling microarray in evaluating annotated rice gene models and in identifying novel transcriptional units. The tiling microarray sanalysis further revealed a chromosome-wide transcription pattern that suggests a role for transposable element-enriched heterochromatin in shaping global transcription in response to environmental changes in rice